Category: G

gene: A unit of DNA on a chromosome which governs the synthesis of one protein and may combine with other genes to determine a particular characteristic. Understanding genetics helps in selective breeding for desirable traits in crops and livestock.

genetic code: The information carried by an organism’s DNA which determines the synthesis of proteins by cells and which is passed on when the cell divides. Also called genetic information. Understanding the genetic code is essential for genetic engineering and breeding programs.

game birds: Wild birds which are classified as game and can be shot only during certain seasons. The most important in the UK are pheasant, partridge, and grouse. Managing game birds can provide additional income through hunting leases.

Galician blond: A breed of cattle from northern Spain, used for multiple purposes including milk, meat, and draught. Farmers benefit from its versatility and adaptability to different farming needs.

gastrointestinal tract: Same as alimentary canal. Knowing the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract is essential for diagnosing and treating digestive disorders in animals.

Gossypium: Gossypium is the Latin name for cotton. Understanding cotton cultivation and processing helps farmers produce high-quality fiber, meeting textile industry standards and increasing farm income.

grain reserves: Grain reserves are the amount of cereal grain held in store by a country above its annual requirements. Managing grain reserves ensures food security and stabilizes market prices, benefiting farmers and consumers.

genome: The set of all the genes in an individual. The set of genes which are inherited from one parent. Knowledge of the genome helps in identifying and selecting desirable traits for breeding programs, improving crop and livestock quality.

groundwater: Water that is stored beneath the Earth’s surface in soil or rock formations. Managing groundwater resources is important for sustainable agriculture and water supply.

global distillation: The movement of persistent organic pollutants from warm tropical and subtropical regions to cooler higher latitudes via evaporation and condensation. Understanding global distillation helps farmers recognize and mitigate the impact of pollutants on their crops and environment.