Category: N

natural selection: the process of evolutionary change, by which offspring of organisms with certain characteristics are more able to survive and reproduce than offspring of other organisms, thus gradually changing the composition of a population. Understanding natural selection can help farmers with livestock breeding programs. By selecting animals with desirable traits such as disease resistance, productivity, and adaptability, farmers can improve herd or flock performance over time. This knowledge supports the development of robust livestock populations that are better suited to local conditions and market demands.

noose: a loop in a rope, with a loose knot which allows it to tighten, e.g., in a halter or a lasso. Using nooses and other restraining tools safely is essential for managing livestock and ensuring animal welfare. Farmers can benefit from understanding the proper techniques for using nooses to handle and secure animals without causing harm. Effective use of restraining tools supports safe and humane livestock management, reduces stress and injury, and enhances overall farm productivity and animal welfare.

nut: 1. a hard indehiscent fruit with one seed. 2. any hard edible seed contained in a fibrous or woody shell, e.g., groundnuts. 3. a small cube of compressed meal, a convenient form of animal feed. Nuts are valuable crops that provide essential nutrients and can be used for various food and feed products. Farmers can benefit from growing nut crops to diversify their production, enhance income stability, and tap into high-value markets. Understanding the specific requirements for nut cultivation, including soil management, irrigation, and pest control, helps optimize production and profitability. Additionally, producing and using nut-based animal feed supports efficient livestock nutrition and resource use.

nitrifier: a microorganism that is involved in the process of nitrification. Nitrifiers play a crucial role in converting nitrogen into forms that plants can absorb. Farmers can benefit from practices that support healthy soil microbial communities, such as maintaining soil organic matter, proper irrigation, and avoiding excessive use of agrochemicals. Promoting the activity of nitrifiers ensures efficient nitrogen cycling, improves soil fertility, and enhances crop growth and productivity.

natural vegetation: the range of plant communities that exist in the natural environment without being planted or managed by people. Preserving natural vegetation on farms can enhance biodiversity, improve soil health, and provide habitat for beneficial organisms. Farmers can benefit from integrating natural vegetation into their farming systems, promoting ecological balance and reducing the need for synthetic inputs. This approach supports sustainable land management, improves resilience to environmental stressors, and enhances the overall productivity of the farm.

nitrate-sensitive area: a region of the country where nitrate pollution is likely and where the use of nitrate fertilizers is strictly controlled. Abbr NSA, NVZ. Managing nitrate use in nitrate-sensitive areas is crucial for protecting water quality and preventing pollution. Farmers can benefit from adhering to regulations and adopting best practices for nitrogen management, such as using precision farming techniques, cover crops, and buffer zones. Compliance with guidelines helps maintain soil fertility, protect water resources, and promote sustainable farming practices.

non-flammable: adjective referring to a material that is difficult to set on fire. Using non-flammable materials in farm structures and equipment enhances safety and reduces the risk of fire-related incidents. Farmers can benefit from selecting non-flammable building materials, machinery components, and protective gear to safeguard their property and livestock. Implementing fire prevention measures and using non-flammable materials contribute to a safer working environment and protect farm investments.

nomad: an animal that moves from place to place without having a fixed range. Compare migrant. Understanding the behavior of nomadic animals, such as livestock, helps farmers manage grazing patterns and prevent overgrazing. Farmers can benefit from rotational grazing systems that mimic nomadic movements, promoting pasture health and sustainability. This approach ensures adequate forage availability, reduces soil erosion, and improves livestock nutrition and productivity. Implementing managed grazing practices supports sustainable land use and enhances overall farm efficiency.

nest: 1. a construction built by birds and some fish for their eggs. 2. a construction made by some social insects such as ants and bees for the colony to live in. verb to build a nest. Encouraging the presence of beneficial birds and insects on farms by providing nesting sites can enhance pest control and pollination. Farmers can benefit from supporting these natural allies, reducing the need for chemical inputs and promoting ecological balance. Creating habitats for nesting also contributes to biodiversity and environmental health, supporting sustainable farming practices.

nectarine: a smooth-skinned variety of peach (Prunus persica nectarina). Nectarines are a valuable fruit crop that can diversify farm income and appeal to consumers seeking fresh, high-quality produce. Farmers can benefit from cultivating nectarines by selecting suitable varieties, optimizing orchard management practices, and implementing effective pest and disease control measures. High-quality nectarines can attract premium prices in the market, enhancing farm profitability. Additionally, nectarines can be processed into value-added products like jams and preserves, further increasing their economic potential.